Dumbfounded

/ˌdʌmˈfaʊn.dəd/ adjective

Definition

Shocked and unable to speak or react because something was so surprising or unexpected; astonished and confused.

Etymology

From 'dumb' (unable to speak, Old English 'dumb') and 'found' (archaic past tense of 'founder' meaning to fall or fail). Combined around 1700s.

Kelly Says

The word combines 'dumb' (mute) and 'founded' (defeated/overthrown)—your ability to speak is literally overthrown by shock, making it a perfectly descriptive image for how surprise paralyzes us.

Related Words

Explore More Words

Get the Word Orb API

Complete word intelligence in one call. Free tier — 50 lookups/day.