A stupid or foolish person; a term borrowed from German meaning literally 'dumb head.'
From German 'Dummkopf', combining 'dumm' (dumb/stupid) and 'Kopf' (head). English borrowed this word directly from German, especially in contexts involving German speakers or German cultural references.
Languages borrow insults across borders constantly—we use 'dummkopf' (German), 'dumbrella' (made up), but not made-up ones. The fact that certain curses travel while others don't shows what cultures found most cutting!
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