The eastward component of a ship's movement or position on a map; the distance traveled toward the east in navigation or surveying.
From 'east' (verb: to move east) plus '-ing' suffix. Essential nautical and surveying terminology since the Age of Exploration, pairing with 'northing' to describe 2D position.
Before GPS, surveyors and sailors calculated 'easting' and 'northing' as fundamental coordinates—these words represent the mathematical revolution that made global navigation possible.
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