An archaic or variant spelling of 'hellebore,' a poisonous flowering plant in the buttercup family, historically used in medicine.
A variant of 'hellebore' (from Greek 'helleboros'), with the 'h' dropped—a common pattern in medieval English where initial 'h' sounds were unstable. Used from Middle English through early modern English.
Hellebore/ellebore was called 'the plant of madness' in ancient times because herbalists thought it could cure insanity—they were so confident they'd give it to mental patients, which probably terrified them more since it's quite toxic!
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