A medical procedure that uses a flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) to examine the inside of body cavities or organs. It allows direct visualization of internal structures for diagnosis or treatment without major surgery.
From Greek 'endon' meaning 'within' and 'skopein' meaning 'to look or examine.' The term literally means 'looking inside,' reflecting the procedure's purpose of internal examination.
Endoscopy revolutionized medicine by allowing doctors to see inside the body without cutting it open, leading to earlier cancer detection and less invasive treatments. Modern endoscopes use fiber optics and digital cameras, making procedures that once required major surgery possible as outpatient visits.
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