Describing cells or organisms with a complete, balanced set of chromosomes (a whole number of chromosome sets).
From Greek eu- (good, well) + -ploid (from diploos, double, meaning fold or set). The term was coined to describe healthy chromosome conditions.
Most of us are euploid—we have exactly two complete sets of chromosomes—but sometimes cells mess this up, which is why extra chromosomes like in Down syndrome (trisomy 21) cause visible changes.
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