The surgical or natural removal of the eyes or the process of becoming eyeless.
From Latin 'exoculatio', the noun form of 'exoculare' (to put out eyes). This term entered medical terminology in the 18th-19th centuries to describe both surgical procedures and pathological conditions.
Historically, exoculation was sometimes performed as a punishment or medical treatment, but today it's primarily discussed in evolutionary biology when studying how animals adapt to lightless environments.
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