Relating to or involving the removal or drawing out of something, especially resources or substances.
From 'extract' + '-ive' (suffix meaning having the nature or quality of). This term became common in industrial and economic contexts in the 19th century.
When economists talk about 'extractive industries' like mining and oil drilling, they're distinguishing them from manufacturing or agriculture—and the word is loaded with an important implication that you're taking things from the Earth without necessarily replacing them!
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