Related to or characteristic of a faction, which is a small group within a larger group that has different beliefs or goals.
From faction (Latin factio, 'group doing things together') + -al (Latin suffix). Medieval and Renaissance texts used this to describe political groups within cities and courts.
Factionalism destroyed the Roman Republic — when competing groups prioritized their faction over the whole nation, Rome fell apart. It's a pattern that keeps repeating in history and politics.
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