An abnormal connection or passageway between two organs, vessels, or body cavities that are normally separate. Fistulas can be congenital or develop due to infection, inflammation, surgery, or trauma.
From Latin 'fistula' meaning 'pipe' or 'tube,' originally referring to a reed or hollow stem. The medical usage dates to ancient Rome, where physicians recognized these abnormal tubular connections between body parts.
Obstetric fistulas, tragically common in areas with poor maternal care, create connections between the birth canal and bladder or rectum, causing devastating incontinence. One surgery can restore dignity and normal function to women who've suffered for years in isolation.
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