Relating to the study of fossils or to fossilology.
From fossilology + -ical (Latin -icus 'of or pertaining to'). The suffix -ical converts nouns into adjectives relating to that field.
When scientists use 'fossilological evidence,' they're referring to what fossils tell us about ancient life—and this evidence has been absolutely revolutionary, showing us that continents moved, species went extinct, and life on Earth has a deep history stretching back billions of years!
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