Large enclosed structures or devices used to produce intense heat by burning fuel, typically for heating buildings or melting metals.
From Old French 'fornaise,' from Latin 'furnax' (oven), related to 'fornus.' Medieval and industrial furnaces were crucial to metalworking, heating, and manufacturing.
Industrial furnaces reached such extreme temperatures that they fundamentally changed human civilization—they made steel production possible, which enabled railroads, bridges, and modern construction!
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