The medical or scientific examination and measurement of electrical currents in tissues, especially for diagnostic purposes.
From 'galvanic' (relating to Luigi Galvani's electrical discoveries) combined with '-scopy' (Greek skopeein, 'to examine'). This technical term emerged in 19th-century medical science.
Before modern brain imaging, doctors used galvanoscopy to probe where electrical activity was happening in the body—it was like early sonar for electricity, helping them map out nerve and muscle function using just wires and needles.
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