The presence of glucose (sugar) in urine, typically indicating that blood glucose levels exceed the kidney's ability to reabsorb it. It's most commonly associated with diabetes mellitus.
From Greek 'glykys' meaning 'sweet' and 'ouron' meaning 'urine,' referring to the sweet taste of diabetic urine. Ancient physicians actually tasted urine to diagnose diabetes, noting its honey-like sweetness.
Before modern blood tests, doctors literally tasted urine to diagnose diabetes—sweet urine meant diabetes! Glycosuria occurs when blood sugar is so high (usually above 180 mg/dL) that the kidneys can't keep up with reabsorbing it, like an overflowing bathtub spilling onto the floor.
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