The system or practice of gombeen lending; a system of small-scale exploitative moneylending and petty usury.
From gombeen + '-ism' suffix (denoting a system or practice); emerged in 19th-century Irish economic and social discourse to describe predatory lending systems.
Gombeenism became such a defining feature of Irish rural poverty that it spawned an entire literary and sociological vocabulary—Irish writers used it as a symbol of colonial economic oppression.
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