The quality or state of having gout or being affected by gouty symptoms.
From 'gouty' (adjective) plus the noun suffix '-ness', which creates abstract nouns indicating a state or condition. The root 'gout' comes from Old French 'goute'.
The suffix '-ness' is one of the most productive word-builders in English—you can add it to almost any adjective to turn it into a noun about that quality. Goutiness is a perfect example of how we turn body conditions into philosophical abstractions!
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