An irrational fear or dislike of foreigners, particularly English speakers or Americans, sometimes used in Latin American contexts.
From Spanish 'gringo' (a term for English-speaking foreigners) plus Greek 'phobos' meaning 'fear.' The word combines Spanish and Greek roots to create a modern term for xenophobia.
This word reveals how language encodes cultural tensions—'gringo' itself has a debated origin (possibly from 'green' or from 'griego' meaning 'Greek,' used for unintelligible speakers), and adding '-phobia' creates political commentary within a single word.
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