Covered with or having gum; or stuck together with adhesive, making something difficult to move or function.
From 'gum' (sticky substance from trees, or adhesive glue) plus the past tense suffix '-ed'. The word can describe something literally covered in gum or something stuck due to gum buildup.
When you say something is 'gummed up,' you're using a word that's at least 700 years old—gum as an adhesive has been important for so long that it became our general term for anything that sticks and jams up mechanisms.
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