Young people who have not yet reached adulthood, typically referring to those under 18 years of age. In legal contexts, refers to minors who may be subject to special court systems and rehabilitation programs.
From Latin 'juvenilis,' meaning 'of or relating to youth,' derived from 'juvenis' (young person). The legal usage developed in the 19th century as societies began treating young offenders differently from adults.
The concept of juvenile justice reflects a relatively modern understanding that young brains are still developing, particularly in areas controlling impulse and judgment. This scientific insight has revolutionized how societies think about crime and punishment, leading to rehabilitation-focused approaches that recognize adolescence as a distinct developmental stage.
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