Temporary emotional states or prevailing atmospheric feelings that influence behavior and perception.
From Old English mod 'heart, mind, spirit,' related to Gothic muþs and German Mut 'courage.' The word evolved from meaning 'mind' or 'spirit' to specifically denote emotional states.
The word 'mood' originally meant one's entire mental state or character, not just temporary emotions. In grammar, 'mood' describes how verbs express the speaker's attitude - indicative, subjunctive, imperative - showing how fundamental mood is to human expression.
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