Morality is the set of beliefs and rules about what is right and wrong behavior. It guides how people think they should act toward others and themselves.
From Old French “moralité,” from Late Latin “moralitas,” meaning “manner, character, proper behavior,” from Latin “moralis,” “relating to customs or morals.” It is tied to “mores,” meaning social customs.
Morality grew out of words for ‘customs’—what people actually do—before it became a word for what people ought to do. Our deepest ideas of right and wrong are built on long habits that societies later tried to justify.
Discourses on morality have historically imposed stricter standards on women and marginalized genders, especially around sexuality and public behavior, while excusing or ignoring similar behavior by men. Terms like “moral woman” were often used to police women’s roles and limit autonomy.
Avoid gendered double standards when discussing morality (e.g., “promiscuous woman” vs. “ladies’ man”). Frame moral norms in ways that apply consistently across genders and do not pathologize gender or sexual diversity.
When discussing moral reform or social movements, highlight women and queer activists whose ethical leadership has often been downplayed in historical narratives.
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