Passed someone or something while moving, or caught up and surpassed a competitor.
From Old English 'overtacan,' combining 'over-' (beyond) + 'tac' (take or seize); by the 1300s it meant to catch up and pass.
The word 'overtake' originally meant to seize by force, but softened into the competitive sense we use today—showing how violence gets safely channeled into sports and business.
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