The fourth state of matter consisting of ionized gas with free electrons and ions, or the liquid component of blood containing proteins and other substances.
From Greek plasma meaning 'something molded or formed,' from plassein 'to mold.' First used in physics context by Irving Langmuir in 1928 for ionized gas, earlier adopted for blood plasma in 1845 due to its moldable, gel-like properties.
Plasma makes up over 99% of the visible universe, yet it was the last state of matter to be identified on Earth! From neon signs to lightning bolts to the sun's core, plasma surrounds us everywhere - it's essentially matter so hot that electrons break free from their atomic bonds.
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