Definition
Financial statements or projections that exclude certain items to show what results would look like under different circumstances. Often used to present 'adjusted' earnings that remove one-time charges or to project future performance.
Etymology
From Latin 'pro forma' meaning 'for the sake of form.' In finance, it evolved from 1960s merger analysis where companies needed to show combined results 'as if' the merger had already happened, then expanded to general earnings adjustments.
Kelly Says
Pro-forma numbers can be either illuminating or misleading! While they help investors see underlying trends by removing noise, some companies create 'fantasy' pro-forma results that exclude so many real costs they bear little resemblance to actual performance—leading to the joke 'pro-forma profits, real losses.'
Translations
ARالعربية
نموذج
numoo-dja
BNবাংলা
প্রাক-ফর্ম
praak-for-m
CACatalà
pro forma
pro for-mah
CSČeština
pro forma
pro for-mah
DADansk
pro forma
pro for-mah
DEDeutsch
Pro-forma
pro-for-mah
ELΕλληνικά
προ-φόρμα
pro-for-mah
ESEspañol
pro-forma
pro-for-mah
FAفارسی
پیش نویس
peesh-no-vis
FISuomi
pro forma
pro for-mah
FRFrançais
pro forma
pro for-mah
GUGU
પ્રારંભિક
pra-arambhik
HEעברית
פרו-פורמה
pro-for-mah
HIहिन्दी
प्रारूप
pra-roop
HUMagyar
pro forma
pro for-mah
IDBahasa Indonesia
pro-forma
pro-for-mah
ITItaliano
pro-forma
pro-for-mah
KKKK
про-форма
pro-for-mah
MSBahasa Melayu
pro-forma
pro-for-mah
MYမြန်မာ
စာအုပ်
sa-a-o-uk
NLNederlands
pro forma
pro for-mah
NONorsk
pro forma
pro for-mah
PLPolski
pro forma
pro for-mah
PTPortuguês
pro-forma
pro-for-mah
RORomână
pro forma
pro for-mah
RUРусский
про-форма
pro-for-mah
SVSvenska
pro forma
pro for-mah
SWKiswahili
pro forma
pro for-mah
TAதமிழ்
வடிவமைப்பு
va-di-va-i-pu
TEతెలుగు
ప్రారంభ
pra-arambh
TLTL
pro-forma
pro-for-mah
TRTürkçe
pro-forma
pro-for-mah
UKУкраїнська
про-форма
pro-for-mah
URاردو
پیش-نمونه
pee-sh-na-moon-eh
ZUZU
iproforma
ee-pro-for-mah