The capacity to act based on reasons and rational deliberation rather than mere instinct or external compulsion. The foundation of moral responsibility and autonomy.
From Latin 'rationalis' (of reason) and 'agens' (acting, doing). The concept developed through modern philosophy as thinkers like Kant emphasized reason's role in moral action.
Rational agency is what separates us from sophisticated robots—we don't just follow programming, we can step back, evaluate our reasons, and choose our actions. It's why we hold people responsible for their choices but don't blame thermostats for the temperature.
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