Slowing down or delaying the progress or development of something. In academic contexts, it refers to factors that hinder learning or advancement.
From Latin 'retardare' meaning 'to make slow, delay, keep back,' composed of 're-' (back) + 'tardus' (slow). The word entered English in the 15th century, originally meaning to make late or slow.
While this word has unfortunately acquired offensive connotations when referring to people, its original meaning is purely about timing and speed - like how a clock might be 'retarded' (set back) or how cold weather 'retards' plant growth!
The verb form carries the same ableist-misogynist history as 'retardation,' particularly in contexts describing women's progress or cognitive capacity. Used to infantilize and limit.
Use 'slow,' 'delay,' 'impede,' or 'hinder' depending on context. Avoid retarding when describing people or groups.
["slowing","delaying","impeding","hindering"]
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