A major city in Russia (now called Volgograd) that was the site of one of the most brutal battles of World War II between Nazi Germany and Soviet forces.
Named after Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, combining 'Stalin' + the Russian suffix '-grad' (city). The city was renamed Volgograd in 1961 after Stalin's reputation declined.
The Battle of Stalingrad (1942-43) was so devastating that historians estimate nearly 2 million soldiers and civilians died there—it marked the turning point where Soviet forces began defeating Nazi Germany on the Eastern Front.
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