A genus of spherical bacteria that typically form chains and can cause various infections in humans and animals. Many species are pathogenic and responsible for diseases like strep throat, pneumonia, and meningitis.
From Greek 'streptos' meaning 'twisted' or 'curved' and 'kokkos' meaning 'berry' or 'grain'. Coined in the late 19th century when microbiologists observed these bacteria's characteristic chain-like formation under microscopes. The name literally describes their appearance as 'twisted berries' arranged in chains.
The chain formation of streptococcus bacteria isn't just for show - it's actually a survival strategy that helps them resist being washed away by bodily fluids and allows them to anchor more firmly to host tissues. Some streptococcus species are actually beneficial, being used in the production of certain fermented foods and probiotics.
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