The systematic process of evaluating software to ensure it works correctly, meets requirements, and behaves as expected under various conditions. Testing helps identify bugs and verify that code changes don't break existing functionality.
From Latin 'testum' meaning 'earthen pot,' originally referring to testing metals in a pot. The computing usage emerged in the 1940s-50s, maintaining the core meaning of examining something to verify its quality or correctness.
Software testing is like a restaurant taste-testing every dish before it reaches customers - you check that the food tastes right, looks good, isn't too hot or cold, and won't make anyone sick. Better to catch problems in the kitchen than have angry customers!
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