A volcano is a mountain or opening in the Earth’s surface where hot melted rock, ash, and gases can erupt.
From Italian “Vulcano,” the name of a volcanic island, from Latin “Vulcanus,” the Roman god of fire. The god’s name became attached to the fiery mountains themselves.
Volcanoes recycle Earth’s inside to its surface, building new land and even creating rich soil for farming. They can stay quiet for centuries, so entire cities grow on their slopes, forgetting that the mountain is actually a pressure valve.
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