The difference between potential and actual crop yield.
Yield gap analysis focused on large-scale male-headed farms; women farmers' access barriers (credit, extension, inputs) and their often higher per-hectare output on smallholder plots were excluded from productivity metrics.
Present yield gap disaggregated by gender; recognize that women often achieve higher productivity on smaller plots but lack resources; avoid assuming male farming is default 'efficient' baseline.
["productivity equity analysis","gendered resource access gap","output potential across farm sizes"]
Research shows women farmers often exceed yields of comparable male farmers when given equal input access; mainstream yield gap studies typically erase women's agricultural contributions and efficiency.
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