In logic, a form of reasoning that seeks the best explanation for a set of observations, often called 'inference to the best explanation.' It differs from deduction and induction by proposing hypotheses that would account for surprising facts.
From Latin abducere, meaning 'to lead away,' composed of ab- (away) + ducere (to lead). Philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce adapted this term for logic, suggesting that abductive reasoning 'leads us away' from puzzling observations toward explanatory hypotheses.
Abductive reasoning is how detectives solve mysteries! When you see wet streets and conclude it probably rained, you're using abduction – finding the most likely explanation for what you observe, even though other explanations are possible.
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