To deviate or diverge from a normal or expected course, direction, or standard; to wander or stray.
Back-formation from 'aberration' or directly from Latin 'aberrare' (to wander away). The verb form appears in English medical and scientific literature from the 17th century onward.
'Aberrate' is rare because English prefers 'aberr' (the original verb) or uses 'deviate,' but its existence shows how productive English is—if you can make a noun, speakers might try to make a verb to go with it, even if it doesn't catch on.
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