the brightest star in the constellation Centaurus, also known as Beta Centauri.
From Arabic 'al-jaina' or similar Semitic roots. Star names were heavily borrowed from Arabic astronomy during the medieval period when Arab scholars dominated celestial science.
Agena is actually the second-brightest star in Centaurus, but it held special significance to ancient navigators because it marked the position of the Southern Cross—one of humanity's oldest celestial signposts for finding south.
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