Belonging to or characteristic of something that is out of its proper time period, especially something that seems too old or too new for when it appears.
From anachronism (Greek ana- 'against' + chronos 'time') plus the suffix -ical. The term evolved in the 16th century to describe historical errors where events or objects are placed in the wrong time period.
Shakespeare actually made lots of anachronistical mistakes—in his play about ancient Rome, he has characters wearing doublets and mentioning cannons, even though these didn't exist then! This shows that even genius writers can mix up their timelines.
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