In ancient Greek history, a colony established independently by settlers, often becoming autonomous city-states.
From Greek apo- (away from) + oikia (home, settlement). Unlike dependencies, apoikia were independent settlements that could develop their own politics and culture.
The ancient Greeks didn't just colonize—they threw people out to establish completely independent cities overseas, and 'apoikia' means these weren't franchises but free agents who could become rivals to their homeland.
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