A member of the Areopagus, the ancient Greek council in Athens, or someone who studies or writes about this historic body.
From Greek 'Areios pagos' (hill of Ares) + Latin '-ist' (one who practices). The Areopagus was Athens's highest court, and the term emerged in 18th-19th century scholarly works about ancient Greece.
The Areopagus judges were so respected that the Apostle Paul chose to address this council directly in Athens—if you wanted credibility in ancient Athens, the Areopagus was where you proved yourself!
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