Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, causing abdominal swelling and discomfort. Most commonly caused by liver disease, heart failure, or malignancy.
From Greek 'askites' meaning 'baglike,' from 'askos' (bag, wineskin). Ancient physicians compared the swollen abdomen to a wineskin filled with fluid. The term has been used since Hippocratic times, reflecting the ancient recognition of this distinctive clinical finding.
Ascites can accumulate so gradually that patients don't notice until they've gained 10-15 pounds of pure fluid! The abdomen can hold several liters - imagine carrying around multiple bottles of water in your belly.
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