The precise measurement of the brightness, intensity, and color of light from stars and other celestial bodies.
From astro- (star) and photometry (measurement of light). Emerged as a quantitative astronomical discipline in the late 1800s, allowing scientists to move beyond subjective observations.
Astrophotometry revealed that stars aren't randomly scattered across the sky—they cluster into galaxies, and those galaxies move in patterns that revealed the existence of invisible dark matter we still barely understand!
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