Plural of autonomy; multiple instances or degrees of independence, self-government, or self-directed action.
From Greek autos (self) + nomos (law) + -ies (plural). Standard modern plural, used since autonomy became common in English philosophical and political discourse in the 18th century.
Different countries have different levels of 'autonomies'—think of Scotland or Catalonia, which have some self-government but not complete independence. The word gets at the complexity that not everything is all-or-nothing.
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