The philosophical methods and doctrines of Francis Bacon, especially his emphasis on observation and experimentation over pure logic.
From Bacon + -ism suffix, which creates nouns for ideologies or systems of belief. This emerged in the 17th century to describe the revolutionary approach to knowledge Bacon championed.
Before Bacon, people trusted ancient philosophers like Aristotle without questioning them—they just accepted ideas because famous people said so. Baconism said 'No way!' and demanded proof through actual experiments, basically inventing the scientific revolution.
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