A framework or structure that supports a bed mattress; the base of a bedstead.
Compound word from 'bed' (Old English 'bedd') and 'case' (from Old French 'casse' meaning 'container' or 'frame'), describing the structural case that forms the bed's foundation.
This is a practical word from when craftspeople built beds as complex furniture—the 'bedcase' was the skilled carpentry part that held everything together, distinct from the mattress or the decorative parts.
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