A social or political approach that values and promotes the coexistence and integration of two distinct cultures within a society.
From bicultural + -ism (a system or practice). This noun form became formalized in the 1970s-80s, particularly in countries like Canada and New Zealand, as official policies recognizing multiple cultural communities.
New Zealand's biculturalism officially centers English and Māori cultures, making it one of the few nations to legally recognize two distinct cultural traditions as foundational. This shows how language policy and cultural recognition are deeply connected.
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