The quality or state of being black in color, or the darkness and absence of light.
From Old English 'blæcnes,' combining 'black' (possibly from Proto-Germanic 'blakaz' meaning 'to burn') with the suffix -ness meaning 'state or condition.'
In physics, 'blackness' is measured by how much light an object absorbs—a perfect black body would absorb 100% of light, which is theoretically impossible but scientists use it to understand stars and radiation.
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