The state, condition, or quality of being a bride; the status or characteristics associated with being a newly-married woman.
From bride plus abstract noun suffix -hood (meaning state or condition). Parallels 'motherhood,' 'sisterhood,' and 'childhood' in formation.
Bridehood as a specific life-stage was huge in medieval culture—women would be called 'bride' for a full year after marriage, indicating a special transitional status between maiden and wife.
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