The study of analyzing encrypted messages to break codes or discover their meaning without access to the key.
From 'crypto-' (Greek kryptos 'hidden') plus 'analysis' (Greek ana- 'up' and lysis 'loosening'). The term crystallized in the early 20th century with professional cryptography, especially during World War I and II when breaking enemy codes became military science.
The Enigma code-breakers at Bletchley Park during WWII used cryptoanalysis to shorten the war by years—all through mathematical detective work. This word represents one of history's most dramatic moments where pure puzzle-solving became a weapon and saved millions of lives.
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