A reversible figured fabric with a pattern woven into it, traditionally made of silk, linen, or cotton. The fabric shows patterns through contrasting weaves that create different light reflections on the surface.
From Arabic dimashqī, meaning 'of Damascus,' referring to the Syrian city famous for producing this luxurious woven fabric. The term entered Medieval Latin as damascus, then Old French as damas, reaching Middle English as damask by the 14th century. Damascus was a major center of textile production and trade along the Silk Road.
The word 'damask' originally meant anything from Damascus - not just fabric but also steel (Damascus steel) and roses (damask roses)! Medieval Europeans were so impressed by Damascus craftsmanship that the city's name became synonymous with luxury goods.
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