To make someone less confident, enthusiastic, or willing to do something; to deter or dissuade from a course of action. Can involve removing hope or reducing motivation.
From Old French 'descouragier,' combining 'des-' (away) and 'courage.' The concept evolved from literally removing courage to more broadly reducing enthusiasm or determination by the 14th century.
Discouragement is literally the removal of courage - it's not just about being negative, it's about systematically draining the brave heart that drives action and perseverance!
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