The process of determining the precise order of nucleotides (A, T, G, C) in a DNA molecule. Modern sequencing technologies can read millions of DNA letters rapidly, enabling genome analysis and genetic research.
From 'DNA' (deoxyribonucleic acid) and 'sequencing' from Latin 'sequi' meaning 'to follow,' referring to determining the following order of nucleotides. The first practical methods were developed in the 1970s by Frederick Sanger and others.
The first human genome took 13 years and $3 billion to sequence, but now we can sequence a human genome in a day for under $1000! This incredible progress means we're moving from reading single genes to reading entire genomes as easily as reading a book.
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