Flexible tubes with cameras and lights attached that doctors insert into the body to see inside organs and cavities without cutting them open.
From Greek 'endo-' (inside) + 'skopeein' (to look at). The word combines ancient roots for internal viewing, first used in medicine during the 19th century when the technology became practical.
Modern endoscopes are so advanced that some can transmit 4K video in real-time, allowing surgeons to perform operations through tiny holes—what started as a simple viewing tube is now a gateway to minimally invasive surgery that heals faster and hurts less.
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